Keeping Healthy is a Family Affair

You and your family can work together to create a road map to lower your risks for diabetes, health disease and other health problems.

Source Diabetic recipes, free diabetes magazine & more! http://ift.tt/2dRObXI

New Guidelines Urge Diabetics to Move More

Title: New Guidelines Urge Diabetics to Move More
Category: Health News
Created: 10/26/2016 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 10/27/2016 12:00:00 AM

Source MedicineNet Diabetes General http://ift.tt/2eh1bqC

Renal Denervation Reverses Hepatic Insulin Resistance Induced by High-Fat Diet

Activation of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) constitutes a putative mechanism of obesity-induced insulin resistance. Thus, we hypothesized that inhibiting the SNS by using renal denervation (RDN) will improve insulin sensitivity (S_I) in a nonhypertensive obese canine model. S_I was measured using euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp (EGC), before (week 0 [w0]) and after 6 weeks of high-fat diet (w6-HFD) feeding and after either RDN (HFD + RDN) or sham surgery (HFD + sham). As expected, HFD induced insulin resistance in the liver (sham 2.5 ± 0.6 vs. 0.7 ± 0.6 x 10^–4 dL ⋅ kg^–1 ⋅ min^–1 ⋅ pmol/L^–1 at w0 vs. w6-HFD [P < 0.05], respectively; HFD + RDN 1.6 ± 0.3 vs. 0.5 ± 0.3 x 10^–4 dL ⋅ kg^–1 ⋅ min^–1 ⋅ pmol/L^–1 at w0 vs. w6-HFD [P < 0.001], respectively). In sham animals, this insulin resistance persisted, yet RDN completely normalized hepatic S_I in HFD-fed animals (1.8 ± 0.3 x 10^–4 dL ⋅ kg^–1 ⋅ min^–1 ⋅ pmol/L^–1 at HFD + RDN [P < 0.001] vs. w6-HFD, [P not significant] vs. w0) by reducing hepatic gluconeogenic genes, including G6Pase, PEPCK, and FOXO1. The data suggest that RDN downregulated hepatic gluconeogenesis primarily by upregulating liver X receptor α through the natriuretic peptide pathway. In conclusion, bilateral RDN completely normalizes hepatic S_I in obese canines. These preclinical data implicate a novel mechanistic role for the renal nerves in the regulation of insulin action specifically at the level of the liver and show that the renal nerves constitute a new therapeutic target to counteract insulin resistance.

Source Diabetes Pathophysiology http://ift.tt/2er8TUG

Metabolic Aberrations Impact Biophysical Integrity of Macromolecular Protein Pools in the Default Mode Network

The brain’s default mode network (DMN), having a high rate of basal energy metabolism, is vulnerable to altered glucose metabolism in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) due to insulin resistance and chronic hyperglycemia. Previous studies showed that functional connectivity and structural connectivity among the DMN nodal regions are compromised in T2DM. We applied magnetization transfer imaging to examine the impact of T2DM on the biophysical integrity of the DMN. The results showed that the biophysical integrity of macromolecular protein pools in the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), a central DMN hub region, was selectively compromised in T2DM, whereas the other nodal regions of the DMN, including the medial prefrontal cortex, lateral inferior parietal cortex, precuneus, and medial and lateral temporal cortices, were biophysically intact compared with those of control subjects without diabetes. Furthermore, the degree of biophysical impairment of the PCC correlated with both hyperglycemia and vascular compromise, the two physiological hallmarks of diabetes. These new findings demonstrate that the PCC is vulnerable in the DMN and may shed light on the molecular neurobiology of T2DM and help to elucidate the pathophysiology of diabetes-related cognitive comorbidities and increased risk for dementia.

Source Diabetes Pathophysiology http://ift.tt/2eG0Lwc

Insulin Resistance Is Accompanied by Increased Fasting Glucagon and Delayed Glucagon Suppression in Individuals With Normal and Impaired Glucose Regulation

Hyperinsulinemia is an adaptive mechanism that enables the maintenance of normoglycemia in the presence of insulin resistance. We assessed whether glucagon is also involved in the adaptation to insulin resistance. A total of 1,437 individuals underwent an oral glucose tolerance test with measurements of circulating glucose, insulin, and glucagon concentrations at 0, 30 and 120 min. Early glucagon suppression was defined as suppression in the period from 0 to 30 min, and late glucagon suppression as 30 to 120 min after glucose intake. Insulin sensitivity was estimated by the validated insulin sensitivity index. Individuals with screen-detected diabetes had 30% higher fasting glucagon levels and diminished early glucagon suppression, but greater late glucagon suppression when compared with individuals with normal glucose tolerance (P ≤ 0.014). Higher insulin resistance was associated with higher fasting glucagon levels, less early glucagon suppression, and greater late glucagon suppression (P < 0.001). The relationship between insulin sensitivity and fasting glucagon concentrations was nonlinear (P < 0.001). In conclusion, increased fasting glucagon levels and delayed glucagon suppression, together with increased circulating insulin levels, develop in parallel with insulin resistance. Therefore, glucose maintenance during insulin resistance may depend not only on hyperinsulinemia but also on the ability to suppress glucagon early after glucose intake.

Source Diabetes Pathophysiology http://ift.tt/2er4iSn

F1F0 ATP Synthase-Cyclophilin D Interaction Contributes to Diabetes-Induced Synaptic Dysfunction and Cognitive Decline

Mitochondrial abnormalities are well known to cause cognitive decline. However, the underlying molecular basis of mitochondria-associated neuronal and synaptic dysfunction in the diabetic brain remains unclear. Here, using a mitochondrial single-channel patch clamp and cyclophilin D (CypD)-deficient mice (Ppif ^–/–) with streptozotocin-induced diabetes, we observed an increase in the probability of Ca²⁺-induced mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening in brain mitochondria of diabetic mice, which was further confirmed by mitochondrial swelling and cytochrome c release induced by Ca²⁺ overload. Diabetes-induced elevation of CypD triggers enhancement of F₁F₀ ATP synthase–CypD interaction, which in turn leads to mPTP opening. Indeed, in patients with diabetes, brain cypD protein levels were increased. Notably, blockade of the F₁F₀ ATP synthase–CypD interaction by CypD ablation protected against diabetes-induced mPTP opening, ATP synthesis deficits, oxidative stress, and mitochondria dysfunction. Furthermore, the absence of CypD alleviated deficits in synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory in diabetic mice. Thus, blockade of ATP synthase interaction with CypD provides a promising new target for therapeutic intervention in diabetic encephalopathy.

Source Diabetes Pathophysiology http://ift.tt/2eG2FwZ

Insulin-Like Growth Factor Axis and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Longitudinal Study in a Multiracial Cohort

The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis may be implicated in glucose homeostasis, but its longitudinal profile across gestation in relation to the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is largely unknown. We prospectively investigated IGF axis biomarkers in early-to-midpregnancy in relation to subsequent GDM risk in a case-control study of 107 case subjects with GDM and 214 control subjects without GDM, with blood sample collection at gestational weeks 10–14, 15–26, 23–31, and 33–39. Conditional logistic regression was used, adjusting for major risk factors including prepregnancy BMI. Plasma IGF-I and IGF binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3) concentrations and molar ratio of IGF-I to IGFBP-3 increased, whereas IGFBP-2 decreased throughout pregnancy. At gestational weeks 10–14, both IGF-I and IGF-I/IGFBP-3 were positively associated with GDM risk; adjusted odds ratio (OR) comparing the highest versus lowest quartile (OR_Q4-Q1) was 2.93 (95% CI 1.18, 7.30) for IGF-I and 3.31 (1.10, 9.98) for IGF-I/IGFBP-3. In contrast, higher IGFBP-2 levels were related to a substantially lower risk of GDM (OR_Q4-Q1 0.04 [0.01, 0.06]). Similar results were observed at gestational weeks 15–26. In sum, the IGF axis, IGFBP-2 in particular, may be implicated in the pathogenesis of GDM, with significant associations and incremental predictive value detected as early as gestational weeks 10–14, ~10–18 weeks earlier before GDM is typically screened for.

Source Diabetes Pathophysiology http://ift.tt/2er8Ec6

Have Type 2 Diabetes? Try Walking After Eating

Title: Have Type 2 Diabetes? Try Walking After Eating
Category: Health News
Created: 10/18/2016 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 10/19/2016 12:00:00 AM

Source MedicineNet Diabetes General http://ift.tt/2euyiai

Exercise Can Help Manage Type 1 Diabetes

Title: Exercise Can Help Manage Type 1 Diabetes
Category: Health News
Created: 10/14/2016 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 10/17/2016 12:00:00 AM

Source MedicineNet Diabetes General http://ift.tt/2epB9CD

Pressure ulcer prevention and treatment: use of prophylactic dressings

Source Chronic Wound Care Management and Research http://ift.tt/2egRy0e

High-Protein Diets May Not Help Fend Off Diabetes: Study

Title: High-Protein Diets May Not Help Fend Off Diabetes: Study
Category: Health News
Created: 10/11/2016 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 10/12/2016 12:00:00 AM

Source MedicineNet Diabetes General http://ift.tt/2dTzMNF

Laughing Out Loud with Yvette Nicole Brown

Your Rights, One Voice: Brody’s Story

Picture this: You have two sons, both in the same school district, and both excited to attend a school-sponsored summer camp with their friends. Your youngest son, a 6-year-old, will attend for the first time.

But along with the normal anxiety that accompanies a child going to camp, another looms large: This son lives with type 1 diabetes and may require extra care during the day. Then, after applying to the camp, only one son is accepted—your youngest is denied because of his diabetes. What would you do?

Angela Smith and Patrick Adam of Los Alamitos, California, faced this situation with their son, Brody, who hoped to join his older brother at their school district’s summer day camp program, Camp Fun in the Sun. Unfortunately, the Los Alamitos Unified School District didn’t feel that it could provide proper diabetes care for Brody, although it was familiar with Brody’s needs during the school year.

Brody and his family

“When we first applied to the camp, we didn’t have any idea that Brody might be denied because of his diabetes. Particularly since he attends school in the same district that offers this summer camp—including [attending] the same after-school camp throughout the school year,” Angela explains.

“The district was familiar with his needs and how to test his blood sugar, [handle] snack times and so on,” Angela continues. We also made it very clear that since we work close by, we could be ‘on call’ and come to the camp as needed to be present to administer lunchtime insulin each day. At the time we weren’t aware that it’s unlawful for a school or camp to even require this.”

Brody faced discrimination because of his type 1 diabetes. Not only is it unlawful for parents to be required to be present for insulin administration, it’s also illegal to deny a child entry to public summer camp programs simply because of diabetes. The Americans with Disabilities Act prohibits discrimination in instances like this.

Angela and Patrick weren’t satisfied with the school district’s rejection. They took to the internet to find a solution, quickly discovering that the American Diabetes Association^® was there to help them advocate. Our Legal Advocacy team provided Brody’s parents with the backup they needed, such as information on federal protections and program obligations for public summer camp programs. We also supplied sample letters for the family to use, copies of Title II settlements and a fact sheet about the rights of children with diabetes at camp.

With this knowledge and information, Angela and Patrick were able to successfully advocate on Brody’s behalf: “After working with the Association, we forwarded this same information to the camp supervisor who had denied Brody’s acceptance. She advised it was being reviewed by the district’s legal representative. We waited nearly two weeks, but finally learned that Brody would be accepted into the summer camp program.”

After the Association provided information on the rights afforded to kids like Brody, the school system arranged for a nurse (the same one who leads Brody’s diabetes care at school) to train summer camp employees on how to assist with diabetes management. Finally, Brody could safely join his brother at Camp Fun in the Sun.

Without the Association’s resources, this story may have had a completely different outcome. “It was such a relief to feel like we had the support of a knowledgeable, credible organization,” Angela notes. “We had a whole team already advocating for Brody before we even knew it.”

Thanks to Angela and Patrick’s initiative and our dedicated Legal Advocates, Brody was able to enjoy a great summer camp experience—one that every child deserves.

“Brody had a very, very positive camp experience,” Angela reports. “We won’t let his diabetes stand in the way of having ‘normal,’ healthy, happy, exciting, educational and fun-filled days! We’re so thankful to have the support of the American Diabetes Association to help us educate, advocate and inspire positive changes.”

---

The American Diabetes Association leads the effort to prevent and eliminate discrimination against people with diabetes at school, at work and in other parts of daily life. If you need help, call 1-800-DIABETES or visit http://ift.tt/1zCIiW2.

Through our nationwide Safe at School program, the Association is dedicated to making sure that all children with diabetes are medically safe at school and have the same educational opportunities as their peers. Visit our Safe at School website for information and resources.

Give the gift of fairness — donate now to help people with diabetes facing discrimination, just like Brody.

Source Diabetes Stops Here http://ift.tt/2eoRr1f

Type 1 Diabetes Diet

Title: Type 1 Diabetes Diet
Category: Health and Living
Created: 10/15/2015 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 10/10/2016 12:00:00 AM

Source MedicineNet Diabetes General http://ift.tt/2e1TXM9

Hyperglycemia

Title: Hyperglycemia
Category: Diseases and Conditions
Created: 1/8/2008 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 10/7/2016 12:00:00 AM

Source MedicineNet Diabetes General http://ift.tt/2dWm5jN

Health Tip: Exercise Safely With Diabetes

Title: Health Tip: Exercise Safely With Diabetes
Category: Health News
Created: 10/7/2016 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 10/7/2016 12:00:00 AM

Source MedicineNet Diabetes General http://ift.tt/2dBjvfJ

A Better Diabetes Test?

Title: A Better Diabetes Test?
Category: Health News
Created: 10/5/2016 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 10/6/2016 12:00:00 AM

Source MedicineNet Diabetes General http://ift.tt/2dQFB16

Worry About Job Loss May be Linked to Diabetes Risk: Study

Title: Worry About Job Loss May be Linked to Diabetes Risk: Study
Category: Health News
Created: 10/3/2016 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 10/4/2016 12:00:00 AM

Source MedicineNet Diabetes General http://ift.tt/2dICSGV

Is Web-Based Test for Prediabetes Faulty?

Title: Is Web-Based Test for Prediabetes Faulty?
Category: Health News
Created: 10/3/2016 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 10/4/2016 12:00:00 AM

Source MedicineNet Diabetes General http://ift.tt/2cRSBgQ

Children With Diabetes Can Have Bright Future

Title: Children With Diabetes Can Have Bright Future
Category: Health News
Created: 10/3/2016 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 10/4/2016 12:00:00 AM

Source MedicineNet Diabetes General http://ift.tt/2cRSK3Q

Type 1 Diabetes

Title: Type 1 Diabetes
Category: Diseases and Conditions
Created: 1/31/2005 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 10/3/2016 12:00:00 AM

Source MedicineNet Diabetes General http://ift.tt/2crJaVm